Wei Laboratories, Inc.
...........................................................................................................................
|
Toll Free: 888.919.1188 International 408.970.8700
|
What is Hypertension?
Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure is a chronic medical condition in which the systemic arterial blood
pressure is elevated.
Symptoms
• Headache
• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• vision disorders
• nausea
• vomiting
Causes
Essential hypertension
Essential hypertension is the most prevalent hypertension type. Although no direct cause has identified itself, there are
many factors such as sedentary lifestyle, smoking, stress, visceral obesity, potassium deficiency (hypokalemia),
obesity, salt (sodium) sensitivity, alcohol intake, and vitamin D deficiency that increase the risk of developing
hypertension. Risk also increases with aging, some inherited genetic mutations, and having a family history of
hypertension. An elevation of renin, a hormone secreted by the kidney, is another risk factor, as is sympathetic nervous
system over activity. Insulin resistance which is a component of syndrome X, or the metabolic syndrome is also thought
to contribute to hypertension. Recent studies have implicated low birth weight as a risk factor for adult essential
hypertension.
Secondary hypertension
Secondary hypertension by definition results from an identifiable cause. This type is important to recognize since it's
treated differently to essential hypertension, by treating the underlying cause of the elevated blood pressure.
Hypertension results in the compromise or imbalance of the pathophysiological mechanisms, such as the hormone-
regulating endocrine system, that regulate blood plasma volume and heart function. Many conditions cause
hypertension; some are common and well recognized secondary causes such as Cushing's syndrome, which is a
condition where the adrenal glands overproduce the hormone cortisol. In addition, hypertension is caused by other
conditions that cause hormone changes such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism (citation needed), and certain
tumors of the adrenal medulla (e.g., pheochromocytoma). Other common causes of secondary hypertension include
kidney disease, obesity/metabolic disorder, pre-eclampsia during pregnancy, the congenital defect known as
coarctation of the aorta, and certain prescription and illegal drugs.
Western Medicine Treatment
Lifestyle modifications
The first line of treatment for hypertension is the same as the recommended preventative lifestyle changes such as the
dietary changes, physical exercise, and weight loss, which have all been shown to significantly reduce blood pressure
in people with hypertension. If hypertension is high enough to justify immediate use of medications, lifestyle changes
are still recommended in conjunction with medication. Drug prescription should take into account the patient's absolute
cardiovascular risk (including risk of myocardial infarction and stroke) as well as blood pressure readings, in order to
gain a more accurate picture of the patient's cardiovascular profile. Different programs aimed to reduce psychological
stress such as biofeedback, relaxation or meditation. Regarding dietary changes, a low sodium diet is beneficial.
Medications
Several classes of medications, collectively referred to as antihypertensive drugs, are currently available for treating
hypertension. Agents within a particular class generally share a similar pharmacologic mechanism of action, and in
many cases have an affinity for similar cellular receptors. An exception to this rule is the diuretics, which are grouped
together for the sake of simplicity but actually exert their effects by a number of different mechanisms.
Often multiple drugs are combined to achieve the goal blood pressure. Commonly used prescription drugs include:
• ACE inhibitors
• Alpha blockers
• Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
• Beta blockers
• Calcium channel blockers
• Diuretics
• Direct renin inhibitors
Some examples of common combined prescription drug treatments include:
• A fixed combination of an ACE inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker. One example of this is the combination of
perindopril and amlodipine, the efficacy of which has been demonstrated in individuals with glucose intolerance or
metabolic syndrome.
• A fixed combination of a diuretic and an ARB.
In the elderly treating moderate to severe high blood pressure decreases death rates in those under 80 years of age
however there is no decrease in those over 80 years old. Even though there was no decrease in total mortality, the
results showed similarities between cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.
Alternative Medicine
There is a significant progress using alternative medicine in this area.
If you want a referral of an expert alternative medicine practitioner in your
local area, please use our free referral service by calling our toll-free at
1-888-919-1188, or e-mail us to wei@weilab.com, or click the button
at the right to have us contact you.
Information gathered from the Wikipedia.com
Referral Service for Patients with Hypertension
|