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What is Cirrhosis?
Cirrhosis is a term used to describe scarring of the liver. Your liver is a large organ that sits in your upper abdomen.
The liver carries out several essential functions, such as detoxifying harmful substances in your body, purifying your
blood and manufacturing vital nutrients.
Cirrhosis occurs in response to chronic damage to your liver. With mild cirrhosis, your liver can make repairs and
continue its role in the body. But with more advanced cirrhosis, more and more scar tissue forms in the liver, making it
impossible to function.
Symptoms
Cirrhosis often has no signs or symptoms until liver damage is extensive. When signs and symptoms do occur, they
may include:
• Fatigue
• Bleeding easily
• Easy bruising
• Fluid accumulation in your abdomen
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Swelling in your legs
• Weight loss
Causes
Cirrhosis is caused by scar tissue that forms in your liver in response to damage that occurs repeatedly over many
years.
Each time your liver is injured, it tries to repair itself. In the process, scar tissue forms in the liver. As the scar tissue
builds up, it becomes increasingly difficult for the liver to function. In advanced cirrhosis, the liver no longer works.
Because the liver is a vital organ that you can't live without, if it fails it must be replaced with a liver transplant.
A wide variety of diseases and conditions can damage the liver and lead to cirrhosis, including:
• Chronic alcohol abuse
• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Cystic fibrosis
• Destruction of the bile ducts (primary biliary cirrhosis)
• Fat that accumulates in the liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease)
• Hardening and scarring of the bile ducts (primary sclerosing cholangitis)
• Inability to process sugars in milk (galactosemia)
• Iron buildup in the body (hemochromatosis)
• Liver disease caused by your body's immune system (autoimmune hepatitis)
• Parasite common in developing countries (schistosomiasis)
• Poorly formed bile ducts in babies (biliary atresia)
• Problems storing and releasing energy your cells need to function (glycogen storage disease)
• Too much copper accumulated in the liver (Wilson's disease)
Western Medicine Treatment
In early cirrhosis, it may be possible to minimize damage to the liver by treating the underlying cause. For example:
• Treatment for alcohol dependency. People with cirrhosis caused by alcohol use need to stop drinking. If stopping
alcohol use is difficult, your doctor may recommend a treatment program for alcohol addiction.
• Medications to control hepatitis. Medications may control damage to liver cells caused by hepatitis B or C.
Treatments for complications of cirrhosis
• Excess fluid in your body. Fluid that accumulates in your abdomen (ascites) or your legs (edema) may be
managed with a low-sodium diet and water pills. More severe fluid buildup may require procedures to drain the
fluid or surgery to relieve pressure.
• Increased pressure in the portal vein and surrounding small veins. Blood pressure medications may control
increasing pressure in the veins around your liver. This may prevent severe bleeding. Surgery to place a stent to
hold open the portal vein also may be necessary. Your doctor may recommend an endoscopy procedure to
examine the veins in your esophagus and stomach for signs of bleeding.
• Infections. You may receive antibiotics or other treatments for infections.
• Liver cancer screening. Your doctor may recommend periodic blood tests and ultrasound exams to look for signs
of liver cancer.
• High levels of toxins in the blood (hepatic encephalopathy). Your doctor may instruct you to watch for signs and
symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy, which can range from confusion and mild changes in your thinking to coma.
Medications can help treat hepatic encephalopathy.
Liver transplant surgery
People with advanced cirrhosis may require liver transplants if their livers are no longer functioning (liver failure). Liver
transplant is a procedure to remove your liver and replace it with a whole liver from a deceased donor or with part of a
liver from a living donor.
Alternative Medicine
There is a significant progress using alternative medicine in this area.
If you want a referral of an expert alternative medicine practitioner in your
local area, please use our free referral service by calling our toll-free at
1-888-919-1188, or e-mail us to wei@weilab.com, or click the button
at the right to have us contact you.
Information gathered from the Mayo Clinic
Referral Service for Patients with Cirrhosis
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